PGSRET 2018

Abstract

Global energy consumption of building sector is around 115 EJ, 32% of final energy consumption. In this final energy consumption 8% share of commercial, 24% of residential and CO2 emission is 30% [IEA]. Global energy use in a building for cooling and heating together is 60%. Intelligent buildings (IBs) provide cost-effective and productive situation by controlling four important factors that include structure, service, system and management. These buildings are well integrated with solar energy systems. Few key examples of IBs include: (1) "The Green: The Edge, Deloitte at Amsterdam, (2) "The People Pleaser: Capital Tower at Singapore, (3) "The Comfortable: Glumac, at Los Angeles and (4) "The Clean: Glumac at Shanghai".

Energy consumption in building sector in Pakistan is almost 30 % of its total energy use and it is increasing with annual growth rate of 4.7 % and 2.5 % in domestic and commercial sector respectively. In recent years, the concept of IBs integrated with solar energy technologies is growing day by day to increase the comfort of occupants. Pakistan is considered as one of the solar rich countries with average 5-7 kWh/m2/day. However, integration and assessment of solar technologies is critical.

Physical-modeling and simulation can play a crucial role throughout the system lifetime of a IB. For instant, at (1) initial design stages, when the control strategies are decided, (2) validation of system performance, (3) commissioning, and (4) operation support. Modeling and simulation activities can be very cost-effective, both during the design and commissioning stage. At design stage, solar system configuration and design parameters are decided which would result in later costly interferences, and during commissioning stage, when the savings in terms of reduced down-time can be significant.

In this talk, a critical analysis of IBs integrated with solar technologies will be discussed. The diversities of solar systems will also be part of the analysis. In addition, a technical case study of an IB will be discussed based on model-based simulation and optimization tool TRNSYS. This IB is integrated with solar PV and thermal systems. Furthermore, impact of building envelope is also analyzed to reduce the overall energy demands. Then, an assessment of solar systems is performed for specific applications in an IB. It is finally concluded the model-based simulation approach proved very significant to analyze the feasibility of solar technologies for IBs at initial design stage.

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